Frequency of allergic asthma among diagnosed cases of bronchial asthma presenting in Gulab Devi Chest Hospital Lahore
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61529/idjp.v34i3.444Abstract
Background: Bronchial asthma is a heterogeneous chronic respiratory condition characterized by airway inflammation and variable airflow limitation. Among its various phenotypes, allergic asthma is the most common, particularly in younger individuals and those with a history of atopy. This study aim was to determine the frequency of allergic asthma among the bronchial asthmatic patients.
Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Pulmonology, Gulab Devi Chest Hospital, Lahore, from April 28 to July 27, 2025. A total of 379 patients aged 12–75 years were enrolled through non-probability consecutive sampling. Serum IgE levels were determined using ELISA. Chi-square test assessed associations, while independent sample t-test compared mean age between allergic and non-allergic asthma patients.
Results: Among the 379 asthma patients, 219 (57.8%) were identified as having allergic asthma. The condition was more prevalent in females (61.5%) than males (53.2%), though the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.321). Allergic asthma was most common in the 12–30-year age group (66.7%, p = 0.027). Elevated serum IgE (>200 IU/mL) is significantly associated with allergic asthma (p < 0.001).
Conclusion: Allergic asthma constitutes a major phenotype among bronchial asthma patients, particularly in younger individuals and those with elevated IgE and allergen exposure. Incorporating basic immunologic testing and environmental history into routine asthma assessment can facilitate early identification and enable more targeted, effective management strategies.
Keywords: Bronchial asthma, Allergic asthma, IgE levels, Allergen exposure.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Jamshaid Ahmad, Zaheer Akhtar, Fatima Saeed, Muhammad Bilal Liaqat, Nafees Ahmad, Hafiz Muhmmad Umair
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