Bacterial Isolate of Neonatal Sepsis and their Susceptibility Pattern in POF Hospital Wah Cantt

Abstract

Background: Neonatal sepsis is the occurrence of microorganisms in a normally sterile site (blood) of the neonates which accompanied by signs and symptoms of infection and systemic inflammatory response in the first month of life. Over world while 1.6 million deaths were recorded due to neonatal sepsis, caused by bacterial infection. The objective of the study is to find the frequency of baccteremia causing neonatal sepsis and their susceptibility pattern at Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of Pakistan Ordinance Factory (POF) Hospital Wah Cantt.

Material & Methods: Study design: Descriptive Cross sectional study.

Study Setting: Microbiology section of POF Hospital laboratory Wah Cantt. Study sample: A blood sample of (n=168) patients (one each), clinically diagnosed as neonatal sepsis (both early and late onset), admitted to NICU were taken. Inclusion Criteria: Before administration of antibiotics, in six months’ period from December 2014 to June 2015, exclusion Criteria: Patients who were already on antibiotics.

Data analysis: All blood samples were analyzed for bacterial pathogens and their antibiotic susceptibility was assessed by standard microbiological methods. By using SPSS, frequency chart and tables were developed to display the results.

Results: Out of N=168 blood samples, fifty one (30.4%) isolates were gram- positive and one hundred and seventeen (69.6%) were
gram-negative bacteria. Among gram- positive isolates, Staph. aureus (31.4%) and Methicillin resistant coagulase negative staphylococcus (MRCoNS) (31.4%) were most frequently found while Klebsiella species (65.8%) was most frequent isolate in gram-negative bacteria. Gram-negative pathogens exhibited sensitivity mostly to amikacin (76.9%)and gram-positive isolates were sensitive to vancomycin (95.2%).

Conclusion: The present study concludes that gram negative bacteria predominantly as the causative agent of neonatal sepsis in our setting. Isolated bacteria showed high resistance to commonly prescribed antibiotics. Establishment and implantation of infection control practices are required to overcome this grave situation.

Keywords: Neonatal sepsis, Microorganisms, Antibiotic sensitivity.