Cardiovascular manifestations among dengue fever patients at a tertiary care hospital
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61529/idjp.v35i1.507Abstract
Background: Clinical spectrum of dengue viral infection ranges from asymptomatic infection to dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever, and dengue shock syndrome. Cardiac manifestation includes elevated cardiac biomarkers, arrhythmias, conduction disturbances, left ventricular dysfunction, and pericardial involvement. The objective of this study is to determine the frequency of overall cardiac manifestations and their types among patients with dengue fever at tertiary care hospital.
Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Internal Medicine at Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi. A total of 111 patients aged 18–75 years of either gender were enrolled. Cardiac involvement was defined by systolic or diastolic dysfunction, reduced ejection fraction, pericardial involvement, elevated biomarkers, or rhythm disturbances. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25, with categorical variables expressed as frequencies and percentages, and associations assessed using chi-square or Fisher’s exact test, considering p≤0.05 as significant.
Results: Overall cardiovascular manifestations were observed in 22 cases (20%). Most frequent abnormalities were sinus bradycardia in 19 patients (17.1%), systolic dysfunction in 17 (15.3%), and reduced ejection fraction in 18 (16.2%). Less common findings included troponin-I positivity in 5 patients (4.5%), ST-T wave changes in 3 (2.7%), and pericarditis in 1 (0.9%). No significant association was observed between demographic variables, comorbidities, cardiac function parameters, and occurrence of cardiovascular manifestations.
Conclusion: Cardiac manifestations were observed in a notable proportion of dengue fever patients. Most commonly abnormalities are sinus bradycardia, systolic dysfunction, and reduced ejection fraction.
Keywords: Dengue fever, Tachycardia, Narrow pulse pressure, Tachypnea
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